With this goal, this tutorial review will give a new unifying view on the state-of-the-art progress of liquid-based porous membranes, including the historical timeline, interfacial behavior, materials design, materials chemistry, mass transport mechanism, fluid behavior, and emerging applications. Although rapidly progressing, there is a still lack of a comprehensive review that specifically addresses these members of the membrane family, and more importantly, the confusions occurring among myriad liquid-based porous membranes that have impeded their applications in potential uses. Liquid-based porous membranes have come to the fore as a new alternative to avert these challenges with significant advantages in diffusive, dynamic, antifouling, omniphobic, self-healing, and adaptive properties. Regardless of their significance in the above areas, they still suffer from compromise that arise due to achieving a balance between the selectivity and permeability, fouling issues, and lack of adaptability to meet versatile and aggressive environments. Porous membranes have a long history of research and applications, and their operations have been consolidated for a wide range of uses in the fields of chemical separation, water treatment, food production, catalysis, and energy storage and conversion.

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